1. PART A: What is the central idea of the text? O A Bread is difficult to make, but important to humans'
diets.
OB Bread is better over time as the ingredients continue to
interact
c Bread is made and becomes stale through several
chemical reactions.
OD Bread is made through several chemical reactions that
scientists do not understand.

Name the following: (a) category of pathogen that causes diseases, like common cold and mumps. (b) the microorganism that requires a host to produce.

What are genotypes? what are phenotypes?

Which of the following scenarios is an example of the bottleneck effect? answers a in south africa, much of the afrikaner population is descended from a small number of dutch colonists. in this population, this is an unusually high frequency of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (pxe), an elastic tissue disorder. b four white-tailed deer are introduced to a park in finland. thirty years after their introduction scientists compare the genes in the population and find that there is no variation. c during the industrial revolution, london's air became filled with soot. as a result, birds started eating more of the lighter moths because they were easier to spot than their darker counterparts. over time, the moth population changed so that there were more darker moths than lighter ones. d 10% of the population of american alligators in an area have the recessive trait albinism. a massive flood results in the death of 80% of the population. of the remaining population, 60% have the recessive trait of albinism.