What would be the consequence if the highlighted structures suddenly became nonpolar?

Radiometric dating is used to tell the absolute age of materials by studying the decay rate of radioactive isotopes. the decay rates of isotopes are constant and are expressed as .

Why are scientists concerned about the depletion of the ozone levels in the stratosphere?

Membrane vesicles containing an internal sodium chloride (nacl) concentration of 0.14 m are placed into separate beakers each containing a different solution. the first beaker contains 0.14 m sucrose, while the second beaker contains 0.14 m calcium chloride (cacl2). the temperature is 25°c. what is the solute potential inside the vesicles, expressed in units of mpa?