Groundwater can become surface water when -

“Once it reaches the zone of saturation under the ground, groundwater begins to move slowly by the force of gravity through the interconnecting pore spaces until it reaches a discharge area, where it seeps or flows out into a wetland, spring, river, or pond to become part of the surface water.”

Explanation: Sorry, I can’t shorten this. Can you please do it? Thank You!

characterization of nanoparticles is a critical step in nanomaterial production as it provides information of dimension, morphology, surface charge, distribution and degree of surface functionalization.