consider the endosymbiont theory and the fact that chloroplasts contain dna molecules. given that chloroplast DNA has genes,

Answer/Explanation:

The endosymbiotic theory is the idea that eukaryotic cells evolved from the fusion of two prokaryotic cells that formed a symbiotic relationship, with one living inside the other.

An endosymbiont is one organism that lives inside another one.

The existence of mitochondria and chloroplasts, which contain their own DNA and ribosomes, supports this theory. Mitochondria are chloroplasts were once free-living organisms,  they were prokaryotes that ended up inside of other cells.

Mitochondria and chloroplasts have genes that are very similar to the genes of prokaryotes. Their membranes look like the prokaryotic cell membrane, and they divide  in similar ways.

it has to be understood that the sea water contains a huge amount of sodium and chlorine ions and if they enter the cell of the atlantic cod fish, the cell will shrivel and the fish will die. to avoid such a condition, the fish uses active transport for the purpose of removing the ions against the gradient.

explanation:

the atlantic cod is not a maritime osmoconformer. its native application of salts is less than that of the seawater it lives in. it is continually falling water from the gills to the ocean via osmosis.

countering that, the fish is going to be swallowing seawater. but since its internal collection of salts is lower than seawater, the fish will want to go free of excess salt, and since that's going upon a gradient, then active transport, requiring energy, must be used to pump out the salt. much marine fish use the organs to filter out the salt and these fish discharge very straight urine.

geologic time scale (for gradpoint) =)