Grapes growing on a vine are observed to shrink slightly during the day and increase in size at night. This is because: a. developing fruits, such as grapes, transpire a lot of water to stay cool.
b. photosynthesis to produce sugar occurs in the light, but respiration and, therefore, the growth of new cells occurs mostly in the dark.
c. in leaves, phloem flow to growing sinks only occurs when the stomata are closed, because the transport capacity of the xylem is too small to supply water for both transpiration and phloem flow.
d. during the day, transpiration pulls on the water in the whole plant, causing the grapes to shrink slightly.

d. during the day, transpiration pulls on the water in the whole plant, causing the grapes to shrink slightly.

Explanation:

Grapes are planted in later winter or in early spring seasons and they continue their growth in the summer months. During their growth, the grapes shrink a little during the day and gain in size at night. This phenomenon is due to the grape cells are composed of a hypertonic (concentrated) sugar solution that during the day lost water by osmosis, thereby shrinking the cytoplasm.

compost can be added to topsoil as a:

pesticide

some fungi obtain their nutrients from a living host (plant or animal) and are called most biotrophic fungi have fairly narrow host ranges—they are specialized on a limited called rhizomorphs that allow the fungus to grow from one tree to another. ascospores are formed inside a sac-like structure called an ascus. so your answer is a