The field of comparative genomics studies the relationship of genetic structures across different biological species compared to genetic analysis in several species of mammals have shown that scientific genetic similarities can be found across physically diverse mammal species this indicates that a. mammalian species cannot undergo evolution changes
b. mammalian species do not share any common ancestors
c. mammalian species all share a common ancestor within the last 100 years
D. mammalian slecies envolve from a distant common ancestor

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.

idk what the options are but

these is a strong electrostatic attraction between the ions hence a lot of energy is needed to overcome this attraction

this is why the boiling points are so high

you should wear a lead protective shield when having teeth x-rays

hope i

-lavira : )