In four oʼclock plants, R is the allele for red color and W is the allele for white color. Two pink flowered four oʼclock plants were crossed. Show the possible outcome of the cross between two pink (RW) flowered four o’clock plant by using the Punnett square.

Please find the punnet square attached.

Genotype of offsprings: RR(1), RW(2), WW(1)

Phenotype of offsprings: 1 Red: 2Pink: 1White

Explanation:

This question involves a single gene coding for flower color in four oʼclock plants. The alleles for red flower (R) and white flower (W) exhibit incomplete dominance, hence, results in a third phenotype that is pink (RW).

If two pink flowered four oʼclock plants were crossed i.e. RW × RW, the following gametes will be produced by each parent

RW - R and W

Using these gametes in a punnet square (see attached image), the following genotype and phenotype of offsprings will be produced.

Genotype of offsprings: RR(1), RW(2), WW(1)

Phenotype of offsprings: 1 Red: 2Pink: 1White

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the last one: artificial selection/genetic engineering

plant breeding is modifying the genetic composition of the plant - but this isn't cloning (which is specifically introducing a gene into a genome). but you are artificially selecting for the phenotype that you want.

the second one is literally genetic engineering - the gene would have been cloned first and then inserted or genetically engineered into the new plant cell (the cotton).