What did chargaff discover while studying bases in the dna of organisms?
the bases in the dna of each organism were unique.
the ratios of thymine and adenine were similar, as were the ratios of guanine and cytosine.
the overall percentages of bases were different from one organism to the next.
there were equal amounts of all four bases in every organism, or 25 percent of each base.

Agene with the original sequence of atgtt—tact underwent substitution mutation to form atatt—tact after a few generations. tact is a part of a muscle protein encoding region, and atgtt codes for a digestive enzyme. what will be the effect of this mutation? a. the production of muscle protein will be affected. b. the production of digestive enzymes will be affected. c. the production of both the protein and the enzyme will be affected. d. the production of neither the protein nor the enzyme will be affected.

Atypical human cell is approximately 12.00 μm in diameter and enclosed by a membrane that is 5.000 nm thick. (a) what is the volume of the cell including the membrane? (b) what is the volume of the cell membrane? (c) what percent of the total volume does its membrane occupy? to simplify the calculations, model the cell as a sphere. enter your answers using four significant figures.

How do chloroplasts set plants apart from other living things