What prevents a lake or ocean from freezing solid?

The surface layer of the water freezes solid creating a barrier that insulates the ice below so that it keeps a steady temperature usually a few degrees above freezing (32 degrees).

Explanation:

well for one plants are always the producer, so a is the answer. a wolf is more of the consumer(predator) and the deer is the prey so i know those two are out of the question. also mushrooms are fungi/fungus so a is the producer.

answer; nociceptive pain;