16. Current evidence indicates that ribosomes are most closely associated with
(1) contraction of the cytoplasm
(2) production of DNA
(3) synthesis of protein
(4) regulation of mitosis

(3) synthesis of protein

Explanation:

Ribosomes are protein synthesis factories. Once mRNA has been transcribed from DNA in the nucleus, it travels to the cytoplasm where it meets ribosomes.

Here, it dictates the order of amino acids to be added in a chain. The ribosome catalyzes the joining of amino acids via a peptide bond. The amino acids are brought in the correct order by tRNAs that are complementary to the mRNA sequence.

The amino acids in the polypeptide chain are folded and modified to form proteins.

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