Instead of thymine, RNA Polymerase pairs the nucleotide base with adenine.

Uracil

Explanation:

DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids with similar structures, but they have a few key differences.

RNA is primarily single stranded, whereas DNA forms a double-stranded helix.

The sugar backbone in a DNA molecule is deoxyribose, whereas in RNA it is ribose.

The nucleotides that make up DNA molecules are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine, whereas nucleotides that make up RNA are slightly different, adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine.

In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine, and guanine pairs with cytosine.

In RNA, adenine pairs with uracil, and guanine pairs with cytosine.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.

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