In diffusion or osmosis, substances move a concentration gradient.
through
1.down
2.up

down

Explanation:

hope this helps

a. as the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the gas molecules increases & the molecules move faster & further away from each other.

b. if you decrease the temperature of a fixed amount of gas at constant pressure, the combined gas law reduces to charles's law. in this case, volume will also decrease.