Some individuals can develop kidney failure after consuming fava beans. What is the biochemical rationale for this observation?A. A deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatase that resulted in failure to synthesize essential red cell membrane proteins. B. A deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase that resulted in failure to maintain glutathione in a state that prevents destructive lysis of the red blood cell. C. A deficiency of transketolase that resulted in the failure to provide ribose for the DNA and RNA needed to repair red cells. D. A deficiency of transaldolase that resulted in the failure to maintain glycolysis in the red cells. E. A deficiency of sedoheptulose that resulted in the failure to maintain the integrity of the red cells.

The correct answer to the question is option B

A deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase that resulted in failure to maintain glutathione in a state that prevents destructive lysis of the red blood cell.

The deficiency of Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase is a genetic disorder,when certain foods are consumed,the deficiency symptom to the enzyme is triggered and one of such food is Fava beans.

in Fava beans, Vicine is found, and this Vicine is an alkaloid glycoside.

Vicine is an oxidant,and it is toxic by causing disease favisim in individuals.The individual being affected are the ones that have hereditary loss of the Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme.

But favisim only occurs when Fava beans is ingested fresh, that is without cooking it.

Following this,there is the development of acute intravascular hemolysis within 4-24hours after the ingestion of the Fava beans,there might also be a fall in the hemoglobin content of the blood and this may result in fatal condition.

But in cases that are acute, that is case of hemolysis, blood transfusion is vital and also in the case is kidney failure, dialysis must be done.

The reason why blood transfusion is very necessary is because the blood transfused may not have red blood cells that are deficient of Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase,also the cells can have normal lifespan in the blood circulation of the recipient.

This Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase is vital because it is a metabolic enzyme of Pentose phosphate pathway and it is also important for the metabolism of red blood cells.It also gives red blood cells protection from oxygen species that are harmful and reactive.

Option A is a metabolic disease that is

inherited which results in accumulation of glycogen and fat in liver.

Option C is as a result of deficiency in thiamine and malnutrition.

Option D is as a result of mutation in transaldolase gene.

Option E is as a result of genetic mutation.

small, big, or no change could occur in the phenotype. it could cause something as simple as a cats ears to curl backwards or something as frighting as death. it could also occur in the protien-coding area and have an effect on that but no effect on the amino acids. what has to occur is a changing in the hox gene or the control gene.