is when the lead male and female are given preferential treatment to resources such as food and potential mates.

Dominance hierarchy

Explanation:

Dominance hierarchy may be defined as a type of a social hierarchy which arises when the members of a social group interacts and create a ranking system in the society. The members compete for access to the to limited resources as well as mating opportunities.

It is the ranking system behavior in the nature where the lead or the main male and females are provided preferential treatment to the food resources and potential mates.

the correct answer is: b. pantala flavescens, because these organisms would have a high level of genetic variation due to sexual reproduction.  

because involves two organisms (parents) whose genetic material combines, sexual reproduction leads to genetic variation in new generations of offspring. the offspring is an unique organism, with new genome, more protected with the higher ability to adapted. this process is fundamental to evolution.