Antibiotic resistance can vary within a population of bacteria. The diagram below represents the changes in a population of bacteria as a result of exposure to antibiotic over time. Explain how this is an example of natural selection, and why we can use this as evidence that evolution occurs.

The resistance that some bacterial populations develop to an antibiotic is an example of natural selection because the individuals with more resistance are those that survive, being an evidence of evolution since resistance can be inherited to the following generations.

Explanation:

The resistance to antibiotics that bacteria develop is the best example of how natural selection and evolution occurs, especially because of the fast and easy reproduction of these microorganisms.

In the example it can be seen that only the the most resistant bacterial populations to the antibiotic survive over time. Antibiotic resistance is due to mutations developed by bacteria that modify their structure and function so that they are not affected by an antimicrobial. According to natural selection, these mutations make resistance an inherited trait, and future generations will not be sensitive to the effect of the drug.

Why does natural selection occur? Only resistant individuals survive the effect of the antibiotic.

How do you explain evolution? Successive generations of bacteria have evolved, through mutations, to resist the effect of an antibiotic.

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