Arthur reads an article describing an experiment to test the effects of caffeine on the reaction time of humans—how long it took them to respond to a particular signal. In the experiment, the subjects' reaction times were measured, then they were divided into three groups. One group was given a high dose of caffeine. The second group was given a medium dose of caffeine. The third group was given a sugar pill that had no caffeine. After waiting 45 min for the caffeine to take effect, the reaction times were measured again. In the experiment Arthur read about, what was the outcome variable (dependent variable)? A.
the amount of caffeine given to each person
B.
the change in reaction times for each person
C.
the type of signal each person responded to
D.
the amount of time the caffeine was given to take effect

i think the answer would d

it has to be understood that the sea water contains a huge amount of sodium and chlorine ions and if they enter the cell of the atlantic cod fish, the cell will shrivel and the fish will die. to avoid such a condition, the fish uses active transport for the purpose of removing the ions against the gradient.

explanation:

the atlantic cod is not a maritime osmoconformer. its native application of salts is less than that of the seawater it lives in. it is continually falling water from the gills to the ocean via osmosis.

countering that, the fish is going to be swallowing seawater. but since its internal collection of salts is lower than seawater, the fish will want to go free of excess salt, and since that's going upon a gradient, then active transport, requiring energy, must be used to pump out the salt. much marine fish use the organs to filter out the salt and these fish discharge very straight urine.

d. planting trees

the trees take in carbon to make oxygen.