A mutation in DNA inserts a thymine, as shown below. O
all amino acids that come after the T
Original DNA sequence:
TATGAACTGGAA
O
a single amino acid
Mutated DNA sequence:
TATGAATCTGGAA
O
the amino acids that come before the T
Compared to a protein produced by the original DNA sequence, a protein produced
by the mutated sequence will differ in-
O
all of the amino acids

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.

fossil's are like over rated rocks like low key not gonna lie i don't get why we can't just call them old rocks like for real i mean i call my grandpa and grandma that smh