IMPORTANT
What are two potential causes of protein pump failure?

Restricted acid-suppressing effects of PPIs can be caused by PPI failure found during treatment of high-grade reflux esophagitis, especially during the nocturnal cycle when patients with high-grade esophagitis often experience reflux of gastroesophageal acid.

The mitochondrial electron transport chain, composed of several electron transporters, is implanted in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

This chain is of great importance in the process of oxidative phosphorylation.

The electron transport chain shuttles electrons from NADH and FADH2 to molecular oxygen, while pumping protons from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space in order to reduce oxygen and form water. The current of protons powers the catalytic action of ATP synthase.

Explanation:

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substitution is the answer in this case