What enzyme 'reads' one side of the DNA strand as a template to make an RNA copy? 1. Helicase
2. RNA Polymerase
3. DNA Polymerase
4. The Ribosome
5. All of the above

it should be d) transitional fossils.

they show the gradualism of evolution throughout a period of time

the answer is: the „power stroke“ step.

muscle contraction can be divided into a few steps:

1. the release of ach (acetylcholine) in the synaptic cleft, binding of ach for its receptor and consequently opening of the ca channels.

2. the release of ca, binding of ca for the troponin

3. troponin shifting the tropomyosin, which was blocking the active site on the actin

4. myosin heads attaching to actin by breaking down atp to adp+ pi

5.   formation of the ‘cross-bridge’ on the active site of the actin filament by myosin head

6. “power stroke” -the cross bridge pulls actin, which slides over the myosin

9.     7. the release of adp completes the cross-bridge movement and atp attaches to myosin, breaking the actin-myosin cross bridge.

we solve the problem using the hardy-wineberg equation.

let us start with the homozygous recessive proportion of individuals with sickle cell anaemia,

we have the proportion as q² = 0.25.

∴ q = 0.5 (frequency of hbs in population)

further,

solving for the frequency of normal cell by using the fact that,

p + q = 1

∴ p = 1 - 0.5 = 1 - 0.5 = 0.5

now we can calculate 2pq in p² + 2pq + q², which is the frequency for heterozygous carriers of sickle cell anaemia,

∴ 2pq = 2 x 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.5

and the homozygous normal cell individuals proportion is given by the expression,

∴ p² = 0.5² = 0.25

hence, the carriers for sickle cell anaemia are in proportion, 0.5, or 50%.