A scientist is using an ampicillin-sensitive strain ofbacteria that cannot use lactose because it has a nonfunctionalgene in the lac operon. She has two plasmids. One contains afunctional copy of the affected gene of the lac operon, and theother contains the gene for ampicillin resistance. Usingrestriction enzymes and DNA ligase, she forms a recombinant plasmidcontaining both genes. She then adds a high concentration of theplasmid to a tube of the bacteria in a medium for bacterial growththat contains glucose as the only energy source. This tube (+) anda control tube (—) with similar bacteria but no plasmid areboth incubated under the appropriate conditions for growth andplasmid uptake. The scientist then spreads a sample of eachbacterial culture (+ and —) on each of the three types ofplates indicated below. 108. If no new mutations occur, it would be most reasonableto expect bacterial growth on which of the following plates?a) 1 and 2only b) 3 and 4 only c) 5 and 6 only d) 4, 5, and 6 onlye) l, 2, 3, and 4only109. The scientist used restriction enzymes for what purpose in theexperiment’?a) To make the plasmid small enough to transform cellsb) To make cuts in the plasmid DNAc) To make the plasmid enter the cellsd) To enable the fragments of DNA to form covalent bondse) To enable the plasmid to recognize the bacterial cells110. If the scientist had forgotten to use DNA ligase duringthe preparation of the recombinant plasmid, bacterial growth wouldmost likely have occurred on which of the following?a) 1 and 2only b) 1 and4 onlyc) 4 and 5 only d) 1, 2, and 3 onlye) 4, 5, and 6 only 111. If the scientist used the cultures to perform anotherexperiment as shown above, using medium that contained lactose asthe only energy source, growth would most likely occur on which ofthe following plates? a) 10only b) 7 and 8 only c) 7 and 9 onlyd) 8 and 10 only e) 9 and 10 only