Assume that you now study a third gene having alleles C and c. For each genotype, what type(s) of gametes will be produced

Complete question:

One gene has alleles A and a. Another has alleles B and b. Assume that you now study a third gene having alleles C and c. For each genotype, what type(s) of gametes will be produced

a.  AABBCC

b.  AaBBcc

c.  AaBBCc

d.  AaBbCc

a. ABC

b. ABc, aBc

c. ABC, aBC, ABc, aBc

d. ABC, ABc, AbC, Abc, aBC, abC, aBc, abc

Explanation:  

We have three genes that are not linked. Each gene can be in a dominant form or a recessive form. (A and a, B and b, C and c). Gametes are haploid sexual cells, n, meaning that they have half of the genetic material of a diploid cell. When two gametes get together, they form a diploid cell, the zygote.

As these genes are not linked, they segregate independently from each other. According to this, we can assume different allele combinations of these genes that form the gametes.    

To know what kind of gametes might be formed from these genotypes, we just need to think about all the possible combinations according to the alleles of each gene. A gamete needs to have one allele of each gene.

An easy way to do so is to analyze genes separately and the possible combinations.        

  Genotype      Possible alleles combination            Gametes

a.  AABBCC                        ABC                              ABC

  In this genotype, there are only dominant alleles for each gene, so there is only one possible combination of alleles. A with B and C

b.  AaBBcc                           ABc                              ABc

                                            aBc                             aBc

  For this genotype, gene A has the dominant allele and the recessive one (A and a, respectively). Gene B has only dominant alleles (BB), and gene C only recessive alleles (cc). So we have two possible allele combinations: "A" with "B" and "c", and "a" with "B" and "c".

c.  AaBBCc                         ABC                            ABC

                                          ABc                             ABc

                                          aBC                            aBC

                                          aBc                            aBc

For this genotype, gene A has the dominant allele and the recessive one (A and a, respectively). Gene B has only dominant alleles (BB), and gene C has the dominant allele and the recessive one (C and c, respectively). So we have four possible allele combinations: "A" with "B" and "C", "A" with "B" and "c", "a" with "B" and "C", and "a" with "B" and "c".  

d.  AaBbCc                        ABC                            ABC

                                         ABc                            ABc

                                         AbC                           AbC

                                         Abc                            Abc

                                         aBC                            aBC

                                         aBc                            aBc

                                         abC                           aBC

                                         abc                            abc

This is a complete heterozygous genotype, which means that we have two options for each gene: the dominant allele and the recessive one. We have eight possible allele combinations.

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