Help with all of them asap please !

When analyzing tree rings, what do scientists assume a thin ring indicates?

What happens as electrons move along the chain of molecules known as the electron transport chain? they gain energy, which causes atp molecules to lose phosphate groups. they gain energy, which causes h *ions to join with oxygen to produce water. they lose energy, which is then used by the cell to make atp. they lose energy, which is then used to break down atp.

What mistake did john needham make that caused him to conclude that spontaneous generation for microorganisms occurred? a. he re-contaminated his boiled broth solutions. b. he destroyed the vital force in the solutions. c. he did not boil his broth solutions, only warmed them. d. he failed to seal his flasks of boiled broth. e. he allowed his assistant to conduct the experiment which he did not monitor closely.