13. Why are insertion and deletion mutations so much more damaging to the final polypeptide structure than substitution mutations? Please help!!

Insertion or deletion results in a frame-shift that changes the reading of subsequent codons and, therefore, alters the entire amino acid sequence that follows the mutation, insertions and deletions are usually more harmful than a substitution in which only a single amino acid is altered.

Explanation:

answer; i believe the correct answer is (anemia);

option c is the correct answer.