Create three relevant questions that you would like answered or clarified about the role of DNA and chromosomes. Focus on the following areas as you generate questions:
i. The cause and effect relationship between the genetic code and gene expression
ii. Mechanisms of gene regulation
iii. The role of DNA segments that do not code for proteins

1) How is DNA compacted to form a chromosome?

2) How do cells undergo differentiation to form the numerous types of cells in the body?

3) What are some functions for non-coding DNA [e.g. Centromere, telomere, promoter, terminator, silencer, enhancer, introns (alternative splicing)]

Explanation:

1) Involves packing of DNA that involves DNA associating with H1, H2a, H2b, H3, H4 histone, scaffolding proteins, and link genes)

2) Since all somatic cells are genetically identical, differentiation involves silencing certain genes through different chemical signals that the stem cell's environment is in, resulting in certain genes related to its function being expressed while other genes are silenced.

3) Non-coding sequences although the bulk of DNA has numerous important roles. ( Centromere allow for association of kinetochore proteins to form kinetochore that acts as a site of attachment for microfibrils during mitosis or meiosis) (telomere acts as sacrificial DNA that prevents erosion of Coding DNA during every round of semi-conservative DNA replication)...

cellular respiration oxidizes food into energy in the form of atps.

glycolysis (6 c hexose) > 2x atps are used > 6c hexose biphosphate > 2 x 3c triphosphate >

2 x 3c pyruvate (2x nadh produced from nad) and (4x atp produced)

pyruvate actively pumped mitochondrial matrix.