Why are sunspots dark? They are areas of solid material on the sun.
O They are old spots on the sun.
O They are cooler than the surrounding gases.
O They are warmer than the surrounding gases.

I think it is D "They are warmer than the surrounding gases"

Explanation:

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primary succession occurs in essentially lifeless areas regions in which the soil is incapable of sustaining life as a result of such factors as lava flows, newly formed sand dunes, or rocks left from a retreating glacier. secondary succession occurs