All organisms contain DNA. DNA holds genetic instructions for all organism structures and functions. Which of the following accurately describes how these genetic instructions impact an organism’s structures and functions? A.
The genetic code is transcribed into DNA which is then translated into proteins that form mRNA and tRNA.
B.
The DNA is translated into tRNA that transcribes the message for the structure or function in the form of mRNA.
C.
The rRNA translates the DNA into mRNA that uses the genetic code to create proteins that carry out functions to make structures.
D.
The DNA is transcribed into a mRNA that is then translated into a protein that is used to create or carry out the structure or function.

hydroxyl -oh

alcohols, always polar, can form hydrogen bonds with h2o molecules

carboxyl -cooh  

cargoxylic acids, has acidic properties which is a source of hydrogen ions, found in cells in ionized for with a charge of oh-1

carbonyl > co

ketone if within skeleton, aldehyde if group is at the end of skeleton, k & a may be structural isomers, it determines 2 sugars (ketose & aldose)

amino -nh2

amines, acts as a base, it can pick up h+ ions from surrounding solution, ionized with charge of 1+

methyl ch2

addition to rna/dna affects and gene expression

phosphate -opo3 ²⁻

organic phosphates, contributes to negative charge to, molecule that it is a part of, and potential to react with h20

sulfhydryl -sh

thiols, cross-linking stabilize the protein, and it is structure