Biology, 26.02.2021 22:50 Chartwig1908

recall that every three letters of DNA (condon) is read to code for one amino acid. if a mutation occurs, is it possible for the protein to be unaffected?

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Answer from: Quest

bc blah

explanation:

bc blah

Answer from: Quest

the african cheetah.

this species has a relatively low level of genetic

variation because the population was reduced to a small size approxi-

mately 10,000 to 12,000 years ago.

chapter outline

24.1

genes in populations and the hardy-

weinberg equation

24.2

factors that change allele and genotype

frequencies in populations

24.3 sources of new genetic variation

population genetics

until now, we have primarily focused our attention on genes

within individuals and their related family members. in this

chapter and chapters 25 and 26 , we turn to the study of genes in

a population or species. the field of

population genetics

is con-

cerned with changes in genetic variation within a group of indi-

viduals over time. population geneticists want to know the extent

of genetic variation within populations, why it exists, and how it

changes over the course of many generations. the field of popu-

lation genetics emerged as a branch of genetics in the 1920s and

1930s. its mathematical foundations were developed by theoreti-

cians who extended the principles of gregor mendel and charles

darwin by deriving formulas to explain the occurrence of geno-

types within populations. these foundations can be largely attrib-

uted to three scientists: sir ronald fisher, sewall wright, and j. b. s.

haldane. as we will see, support for their mathematical theories

was provided by several researchers who analyzed the genetic com-

position of natural and experimental populations. more recently,

population geneticists have used techniques to probe genetic

variation at the molecular level. in addition, staggering advances

in computer technology have aided population geneticists in the

analysis of their genetic theories and data. in this chapter, we will

explore the genetic variation that occurs in populations and con-

sider the reasons why the genetic composition of populations may

change over the course of several generations

Answer from: Quest

The return of the wolf to yellowstone national park will probably affect the bird population to some degree, not significantly. while wolves will hunt birds when necessary, they prefer to hunt larger prey. the bird population will most likely only be affected when hunting is scarce for the wolves. birds of prey will also probably not be affected as much as other birds who spend more time on the ground hunting for food as the tend to spend more time in the air or in trees since they do not need to stay on the ground for long due to the nature of the way they hunt.

Answer from: Quest

Proteins are the workhorses of the cell, controlling virtually every reaction within as well as providing structure and serving as signals to other cells. proteins are long chains of amino acids , and the exact sequence of the amino acids determines the final structure and function of the protein. instructions for that sequence are encoded in genes . to make a particular protein, a messenger ribonucleic acid (mrna) copy is made from the gene (in the process called transcription ), and the mrna is transported to the ribosome . protein synthesis, also called translation , begins when the two ribosomal subunits link onto the mrna. this step, called initiation, is followed by elongation, in which successive amino acids are added to the growing chain, brought in by transfer rnas (trnas). in this step, the ribosome reads the nucleotides of mrna three by three, in units called codons , and matches each to three nucleotides on the trna, called the anticodon. finally, during termination, the ribosome unbinds from the mrna, and the amino acid chain goes on to be processed and folded to make the final, functional protein

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