Compare the major passive and active transport processes that act to move substances through the cell membrane

Active transport requires energy to move molecules across biological membranes and acts against a concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and moves molecules from regions of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration

Explanation:

Both passive and active transport are critical for moving nutrients and waste products in and out the cell, respectively. Passive transport is a process that moves molecules and does not require energy, this process is based on the movement from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. The process of passive transport includes 1-simple diffusion, 2- filtration, 3-facilitated diffusion and 4-osmosis.On the other hand, active transport refers to the movement of molecules across membranes by a process that requires energy (generally ATP). Active transport is produced from regions of lower concentration to regions of higher concentration (i.e., against a concentration gradient). This process (transport active) can be divided into primary active transport (non-coupled transport) and secondary active transport (coupled transport).