Phagocytes often do not recognize bacterial cells with capsules, increasing the likelihood they will survive and cause disease. What other benefits could capsules give bacterial cells?

Other benefits that a capsules can give to bacteria includes:

--> slowing the penetration of antibiotics or chemicals,

--> it helps bacteria to adhere to surfaces

--> it prevents them from drying out as it contains water components.

Explanation:

Most microorganisms such as bacteria, virus, and parasites, are free living that benefits both plants and animals. The microorganisms that have the ability to cause disease are called pathogens. Infection occurs when pathogens are able to establish itself in a person through the use of its virulent factors. A typical example of virulent factors include the CAPSULES.

Capsules are made up of polysaccharides which lines the outer layer of a bacteria cell envelope. Example of such bacteria includes:

--> Streptococcus pneumoniae,

--> Klebsiella pneumoniae,

--> Haemophilus influnzae, and

--> Neisseria meningitis

These bacteria secrete a capsule around their cell wall which helps to prevent opsonization and phagocytosis by phagocytes of immune system of the host. This helps them to survive and cause disease. Other benefits that a capsules can give to bacteria includes:

--> slowing the penetration of antibiotics or chemicals,

--> it helps bacteria to adhere to surfaces

--> it prevents them from drying out as it contains water components.

i don’t no. suiopgohjk

a fossil fuel is a fuel formed by natural processes, such as anaerobic decomposition of buried dead organisms, containing energy originating in ancient photosynthesis.[1] the age of the organisms and their resulting fossil fuels is typically millions of years, and sometimes exceeds 650 million years.[2] fossil fuels contain high percentages of carbon and include petroleum, coal, and natural gas.[3] other commonly used derivatives include kerosene and propane. fossil fuels range from volatile materials with low carbon to hydrogen ratios like methane, to liquids like petroleum, to nonvolatile materials composed of almost pure carbon, like anthracite coal. methane can be found in hydrocarbon fields either alone, associated with oil, or in the form of methane clathrates.

the theory that fossil fuels formed from the fossilized remains of dead plants by exposure to heat and pressure in the earth's crust over millions of years was first introduced by andreas libavius "in his 1597 alchemia [alchymia]" and later by mikhail lomonosov "as early as 1757 and certainly by 1763".[4] the first use of the term "fossil fuel" was by the german chemist caspar neumann, in english translation in 1759.[5]

in 2017 the world's primary energy sources consisted of petroleum (34%), coal (28%), natural gas (23%), amounting to an 85% share for fossil fuels in primary energy consumption in the world.[6] non-fossil sources in 2006 included nuclear (8.5%), hydroelectric (6.3%), and others (geothermal, solar, tidal, wind, wood, waste) amounting to 0.9%.[7] world energy consumption was growing at about 2.3% per year. in 2015 about 18% of worldwide consumption was from renewable sources.[8]