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Biology, 03.03.2021 18:30 annabanana1298

Las especies Drosophila nasuta y D. albomicans, dos especies gemelas de la región Indo-Pacífica, al cruzarse los híbridos F 1 son fértiles. Pero la F 2 tiene poca fertilidad, deja pocos descendientes y con una proporción de sexos alterada. El motivo es que el cromosoma X de D. albomicans está translocado y unido a un autosoma, lo que origina meiosis anormales en los híbridos. Las fusiones y fisiones cromosómicas robertsonianas son variaciones en el número de cromosomas que surgen por fusión de dos cromosomas acrocéntricos (los de un solo brazo) en un solo cromosoma de dos brazos -lo que determina una disminución del número haploide-, o, por el contrario, por fisión de un cromosoma en dos cromosomas acrocéntricos, en este caso aumentando el número haploide. Si dos poblaciones difieren en el número de cromosomas, los híbridos entre ellas pueden experimentar una cierta pérdida de fertilidad, y por tanto inferior adaptación, al tener una meiosis irregular.

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Las especies Drosophila nasuta y D. albomicans, dos especies gemelas de la región Indo-Pacífica, al...
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