Explain how mutations in the following proteins might result in either loss of responsiveness to a given hormone or production of a continuous signal even in the absence of the hormone: (a) a mutation in the regulatory (R) subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, making R incapable of binding to the catalytic (C) subunit; (b) a defect in a G protein that renders the GTPase activity inactive.

All individuals have two alleles for a given trait. according to mendel's these alleles are passed down one each from both mother and father.

Which statement best describes lactic acid fermentation? a. lactic acid fermentation is the first step of cellular respiration. o b. lactic acid fermentation is the final step of cellular respiration. re to berate c. in the absence of oxygen, cells release atp by breaking down lactose into glucose. e der lade res o d. in the absence of oxygen, cells release atp by breaking down glucose into lactate. ar

Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu. in an experiment, dr. travis examined the effects of calcium intake on osteoporosis, a condition that causes an increased risk of bone fractures. the amount of calcium is variable. the risk of bone fractures .