Scenario: A couple had a child who they discover has a heart defect that will limit what the child can do when they get older. They will never be able to participate in
sports or other strenuous activities for fear that the child's heart will develop an
uneven rhythm and stop functioning. The mother of the child is the oldest of 7 children
and the first to have a child. She is concerned that the heart condition may occur in
the children of her siblings if they reproduce. The father of the child is an only child but
likewise wishes to know how this has happened since there he has no family history of
the disorder on his side. Both sets of grandparents are living and everyone visits a
genetic specialist to have their genomes compared to that of the child with the heart
condition. What the specialist finds is that there is no evidence of the heart condition
in either the parent's or the grandparent's genome. An interview with both of the
parents reveals that neither of them have ever been smokers, exposed to radiation, or
contracted viruses which could cause this disorder. The family and the specialist are
stumped and need assistance in finding how the child developed this heart condition
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Environmental science studies the interactions between the physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment, including their effects on all types of organisms. earth science (also known as geoscience), is an inclusive term for all sciences related to earth (geology, meteorology, oceanogr maphy, etc).  although environmental and earth science cover essentially the same material, environmental science places greater emphasis on the biological realm, while earth science places greater emphasis on the physical realm.    environmental and earth science study the interactions of four major systems or “spheres” (figure 8.6).  the  geosphere  consists of the core, mantle and crust of the earth.the  atmosphere  contains all of the earth’s air and is divided into troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and ionosphere.the  hydrosphere  contains all of the solid, liquid and gaseous water on earth, extending from the depths of the sea to the upper reaches of the troposphere where water is found.  ninety-seven percent of the hydrosphere is found in salty oceans, and the remainder is found as vapor or droplets in the atmosphere and as liquid in ground water, lakes, rivers, glaciers and snowfields.  the  biosphere  is the collection of all earth’s life forms, distributed in major life zones known as biomes:   tundra, boreal forest, temperate deciduous forest, temperate grassland, desert, savannah, tropical rainforest, chaparral, freshwater, and marine.although the four systems have their unique identities, there is substantial interaction between them.  environmental scientists study the effects of events in one sphere on the other spheres. for example, a volcanic eruption in the geosphere may cause profound direct and indirect effects on the hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere as follows: example 1 (volcano)    on may 18, 1980, mount saint helens, in the state of washington, erupted.  this event altered the surrounding environment, and provided scientists with an opportunity to study the effects of volcanic eruptions on the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere.  such studies are vital because volcanic eruptions will continue to occur, and will have increasing impact on humans as people continue to settle lands closer to dormant volcanoes. the following are but a few of the myriad of interactions resulting from a volcanic 

Prompt: write about whether or not you plan to register to vote when you are 18 and what political party preference (if any) you will disclose. explain the reasons for your decisions.