A. Describe the difference between gradualism and punctuated equilibrium. B. Describe the conditions under which new species may arise.

C. Explain the difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation.

D. Describe the role of prezygotic and postzygotic barriers in the process of speciation.

B.How do new species arise? New species arise through a process called speciation. In speciation, an ancestral species splits into two or more descendant species that are genetically different from one another and can no longer interbreed.

A.Both refer to the evolution of species over time. However gradualism states that evolution occurred slowly, over a long period of time. Punctuated equilibrium occurs when there are periods of apparent stasis interrupted by sudden change.

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