What is osmoregulation

Osmoregulation is a process that regulates the osmotic pressure of fluids and electrolytic balance in organisms. In animals, this process is brought about by osmoreceptors, which can detect changes in osmotic pressure. Humans and most other warm-blooded organisms have osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus. Besides the brain, osmoregulators are also found in the kidneys..

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the sugar-phosphate backbone forms the structural framework of nucleic acids, including dna and rna. this backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, and defines directionality of the molecule.