1. Phytoplankton and other organisms that perform photosynthesis live in ocean waters near the surface, but not in the deepest ocean waters. Which statement
about surface water is most useful for explaining this observation?
A Only surface water is warm enough for photosynthesis.
B Only surface water receives enough sunlight for photosynthesis.
C Only surface water has sufficiently low salinity for photosynthesis.
D Only surface water has the dissolved carbon dioxide needed for
photosynthesis.
2. Waters in the coastal ocean tend to be more productive than waters of similar
depth in the open ocean. What is the main reason for the productivity difference?
A more sunlight
B warmer temperatures
C nutrient-rich runoff from the land
D higher levels of dissolved carbon
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Name Date
3. Global climate has changed many times throughout Earth’s long history. What kinds
of changes to ecosystems have been caused by the changing climate?
A minimal, temporary changes to ecosystems, but not permanent changes
B seasonal changes to ecosystems, but not changes from year to year
C slow, gradual changes to ecosystems, but not sudden changes
D a wide variety of gradual and sudden changes to ecosystems
4. Which is the most likely cause of a mass extinction?
A an outbreak of a disease
B global climate change that occurs rapidly
C global climate change that occurs gradually
D a natural disaster, such as an earthquake or volcanic eruption
5. Scientists have been measuring increasing levels of greenhouse gases in Earth’s
atmosphere. How do the increasing levels affect ecosystems?
A Ecosystems are warming in tropical regions, and staying about the same
elsewhere.
B Ecosystems are warming in the interiors of continents, and cooling along
coastlines.
C Ecosystems are warming in polar regions, and staying about the same
elsewhere.
D Ecosystems are warming in all locations on land and in water.
6. The graph shows the average yearly temperature and precipitation for Chennai,
India, which is located in a tropical dry forest.
Which is the most accurate description of an ecosystem near Chennai?
A a stable ecosystem that remains about the same throughout the year
B an ecosystem that changes from year to year due to increasing precipitation
C an ecosystem that changes throughout the year due to variations in
temperature
D an ecosystem that changes throughout the year due to variations in
precipitationCopyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
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Name Date
7. The graph shows the average yearly temperature and precipitation for Yuma,
Arizona, which is located in the desert biome.
Based on the graph, what is the most likely cause of seasonal variations in ecosys tem near Yuma?
A a gradual increase in rainfall throughout the year
B variations in average rainfall between 0 and 100 mm
C variations in average temperature between 10°C and 30°C
D sudden storms that bring high rainfall for brief periods
8. Plants that thrive in estuaries include mangroves and many grasses. Compared to
plants that grow on dry land, or in rivers and lakes, the estuary plants have a higher
tolerance for which of these conditions?
A rocky soil
B cold water
C salty water
D nutrient-poor
Florida Test Prep Workbook
9. Human activities are releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. What is one
effect of these increasing carbon dioxide levels?
A Increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes a reduction in the effect of
climate change.
B Increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes a decrease in average
global temperature.
C Increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes an increase in the
greenhouse effect.
D Increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes an increase in the amount
of organic matter converted to fossil fuels. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Carla is studying the relationships among the organisms in a Florida nature preserve.
Carla has made a drawing showing how the organisms in the nature preserve interact.
To represent land plants, she has drawn a tuft of grass in her diagram. To represent
water plants, she has drawn a type of algae. The organisms are not drawn to scale.