Describe how the relative surface temperature and the relative luminosity of Aldebaran would change if it collapses and becomes a white dwarf like Procyon B

Greatly affect the luminous intensity.

Explanation:

The relative surface temperature and the relative luminosity of Aldebaran will greatly decreases if it becomes Procyon B because more surface area of a star increases the luminous intensity of that star.  The size of Aldebaran is 30.7 million km whereas the size of Procyon B has 8585 km which very much lower than the Aldebaran so there is a great difference in the magnitude of luminosity between Aldebaran and Procyon B. So we can conclude that the decrease in the surface area of a star will greatly affect its luminous intensity.

the way that the mass of carbon can be conserved through cellular respiration is through a process/law called the law of conservation of mass which even tho it undergoes a process, mass is not be destroyed or changed