10. Why are most species that have ever lived on Earth extinct?

Two true-breeding pea plants were crossed. one parent is round, terminal, violet, constricted, while the other expresses the respective contrasting phenotypes of wrinkled, axial, white, full. the four pairs of contrasting traits are controlled by four genes, each located on a separate chromosome. in the f1 only round, axial, violet, and full were expressed. in the f2, all possible combinations of these traits were expressed in ratios consistent with mendelian inheritance. (a) what conclusion about the inheritance of the traits can be drawn based on the f1 results? (b) in the f2 results, which phenotype appeared most frequently? what mathematical expression predicts the probability of occurrence of this phenotype? (c) which f2 phenotype is expected to occur least frequently? what mathematical expression predicts this probability? (d) in the f2 generation, how often is either of the p1 phenotypes likely to occur? express your answer as a fraction (example: 3/16).

Fan egg cell containing the (n+1) number of chromosomes combines with a sperm cell containing the (n) number of chromosomes, what is the result of this union? a) all future somatic cells of the organism will contain the (2n + 1) number of chromosomes. b) all future somatic cells of the organism will contain the (2n - 1) number of chromosomes. c) only certain somatic cells of the organism will contain the (2n + 1) number of chromosomes. d) all future somatic cells of the organism will contain the normal diploid number of chromosomes.

Identify any four organelles that should be present in the eukaryotic organism and describe the function of each organelle