Which occurs during translation? a. mrna is created by using a dna template. b. mrna codons are joined by trna anticodons to assemble amino acids to form a protein. c. protein is formed when a polypeptide chain is broken apart and released from ribosome. d. one strand of dna is copied into a strand of rrna..

The mRNA codons are joined by tRNA anticodons to assemble amino acids to form a protein,(B) this process occurs during translation.

Further Explanation:

The translation is defined as a process by which proteins are synthesized by making a chain of amino acids which are joined together by polypeptide bonds. Translation occurs for protein synthesis from messenger RNA.

The principle behind this process is known as central dogma. It explains that double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) is converted into messenger ribonucleic acid by the process known as transcription. And then mRNA is converted into a long chain of amino acids to form protein with the help of transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) and this process is known as translation.

Translation occurs with the help of three steps;

• Initiation

• Elongation

• Termination

Initiation can be defined as the start point of the process of translation. For the beginning, start codon must be recognized. In initiation process, the ribosome and an initiator transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) which carries the amino acid in the protein attaches with the messenger RNA (mRNA) forming an initiation complex and hence translation begins.

Elongation is a middle process which occurs after the formation of initiation complex the transfer RNA binds to matching codons and a new peptide bond is formed this bond connects one amino acid to another amino acid and form a polypeptide chain of amino acids and the process repeats thereby increasing the length of the polypeptide chain.

Termination is known as the end process as it is the last step in translation. Now the polypeptide chain is released. It starts when stop codons enter the ribosome which separates the chain from transfer RNA and the polypeptide chain moved out of the ribosome. Stop codon recognized by the proteins which are known as release factor and this reaction releases the new protein.

Learn more:

1. Learn more about translation

2. Learn more about the purpose of transfer RNA

3. Learn more about the general term for carbohydrate monomer

Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Biology

Chapter: Genetics

Keywords:

Translation, DNA-template, codons, anticodons, polypeptide bond, central dogma, transcription, tRNA, mRNA, initiation, elongation, termination, initiation complex, start codon, stop codon, release factor.