The hawaiian honeycreeper has a highly evolved, mutualistic relationship with the hawaiian silversword, a native plant that grows on beach front cliffs and dunes. the honeycreeper feeds almost exclusively on silversword nectar, and is the only pollinator of the plant. hawaii, as you know, is one of the most sought-after resort areas in the world. the honeycreeper is now endangered, as a consequence of resort development.

the major contributor to the endangered status of the honeycreeper is

a)
over-hunting of honeycreepers by sportsmen.

b)
the destruction of silversword plants by condominium and hotel developers.

c)
introduction of another species of bird that also pollinates silversword plants, by zoos and pet owners.

d)
global climate change has made hawaii too cold for the silverswords to continue growing, and honeycreepers have nothing to eat.

B The destruction of silversword plants by condominium and hotel developers.

Mutalism is a interspecific relationship between two distinct species, in which both species gets the benefit of living in an association. In the given situation, the Hawaiian honeycreeper and Hawaiian silverword plants are living in a mutalistic association. In a mutalistic relationship both the species are dependent on each other, to perform their biological functions such as honeycreeper feeds on the nectar of the plants of silverword and in turn the plants are pollinated by these birds. Thus, the decrease in population of one species can reduce the abundance of the other.

Therefore, the honeycreeper is now endangered, as a consequence of resort development because of the destruction of silverword plants by condominium  and hotel developers.  

a fossil fuel is a fuel formed by natural processes, such as anaerobic decomposition of buried dead organisms, containing energy originating in ancient photosynthesis.[1] the age of the organisms and their resulting fossil fuels is typically millions of years, and sometimes exceeds 650 million years.[2] fossil fuels contain high percentages of carbon and include petroleum, coal, and natural gas.[3] other commonly used derivatives include kerosene and propane. fossil fuels range from volatile materials with low carbon to hydrogen ratios like methane, to liquids like petroleum, to nonvolatile materials composed of almost pure carbon, like anthracite coal. methane can be found in hydrocarbon fields either alone, associated with oil, or in the form of methane clathrates.

the theory that fossil fuels formed from the fossilized remains of dead plants by exposure to heat and pressure in the earth's crust over millions of years was first introduced by andreas libavius "in his 1597 alchemia [alchymia]" and later by mikhail lomonosov "as early as 1757 and certainly by 1763".[4] the first use of the term "fossil fuel" was by the german chemist caspar neumann, in english translation in 1759.[5]

in 2017 the world's primary energy sources consisted of petroleum (34%), coal (28%), natural gas (23%), amounting to an 85% share for fossil fuels in primary energy consumption in the world.[6] non-fossil sources in 2006 included nuclear (8.5%), hydroelectric (6.3%), and others (geothermal, solar, tidal, wind, wood, waste) amounting to 0.9%.[7] world energy consumption was growing at about 2.3% per year. in 2015 about 18% of worldwide consumption was from renewable sources.[8]