The regiom along a plate boundary where one plate moves under another plate is called a(n) ( this is earth science not bio lol)

volcanoes (an event in the geosphere) release a large amount of particulate matter into the atmosphere. these particles serve as nuclei for the formation of water droplets (hydrosphere). rainfall (hydrosphere) often increases following an eruption, stimulating plant growth (biosphere).

since there are no options posted i'll give you a few examples.

a dolphin's flipper, bird's wing, cat's leg.