How can a cold summer affect an ecosystem?

a. it can populations because of a low food supply.
b. it can populations because of a large food supply.
c. it can hurt populations because of a low food supply
d. it can hurt populations because of a large food supply.

C. It can hurt populations because of a low food supply

An ecosystem is the biotic community in which the living species interact with their non-living physical environment. A typical ecosystem consists of two types of components such as biotic and abiotic. Biotic components includes the plants, animals and microbes. Abiotic components includes the soil, water, wind, sunlight, climatic conditions and natural hazards.

Cold summer conditions affects the ecosystem because many plants stops conducting photosynthesis and they prevent the transpiration by shedding their leaves they typically undergoes with a dormant stage so animals do not obtain food from plants. The soil becomes permafrost this results in the restriction of the microbial activity in the soil. In the absence of food many animals starve, migrate, hibernate or even die. This results in the decline of a population of species in an ecosystem.

genetic variation can be caused by mutation (which can create entirely new alleles in a population), random mating, random fertilization, and recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis (which reshuffles alleles within an organism's offspring).