There is a one-way movement of water and minerals from the cortex into the vascular cylinder of a root because

a. the root pressure is low.
b. the casparian strip is waterproof.
c. water molecules are in low concentration in the cortex.
d. nutrients are in low concentration in the cortex.

cellular respiration oxidizes food into energy in the form of atps.

glycolysis (6 c hexose) > 2x atps are used > 6c hexose biphosphate > 2 x 3c triphosphate >

2 x 3c pyruvate (2x nadh produced from nad) and (4x atp produced)

pyruvate actively pumped mitochondrial matrix.

trachea, alveoli, lung capillaries, arteries