Give a brief explanation of three levels the human body must regulate to function efficiently and how the body regulates those levels.

The three levels:

Glucose blood level.

Blood glucose level's regulation is mainly provided by two hormones produced by the pancreas, insulin and glucagon.

These two hormones have antagonistic effects: insulin lowers blood sugar by promoting the use and storage of glucose, while glucagon causes its release into the blood by the liver. The level of glucose in the blood, which is normally about 5 millimoles per liter (or 1 gram per liter), can be measured by blood test.

Temperature regulation.

Thermoregulation is the set of mechanisms that allows an organism or system to maintain a desired temperature. It is the result of production and loss of heat energy.

In the living world, we distinguish homeothermic organisms (have an effective thermoregulation allowing a control of their temperature) poikilothermes organisms (organisms whose internal temperature varies with the temperature of their environment). The thermoregulation is done by thermolysis (heat loss) and thermogenesis (heat production).

In humans, the average normal body temperature is 37 ° C (between 36.5 ° C and 37.5 ° C depending on the individual).

Osmolarity:

Osmotic concentration (or osmolarity) is the measurement of the concentration of a solution, a colloid or a chemical compound, expressed in number of "osmotically active" particles (osmoles) per liter. This size makes it possible to measure the osmotic pressure of a solution and thus to determine the diffusion of the solvent through a semipermeable membrane (osmosis). Its physiological value is between 280 and 300 mOsm / L in the blood plasma.

a. decomposes use carbon from dead organisms as fuel for cellular respiration, returning carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere.

the circled areas are referred to   as sunspots.   the sunspots are cooler than the   surrounding area.

sunspots are temporary phenomena on the photosphere of the sun that appear visibly as dark spots compared to surrounding regions. they correspond to concentrations of magnetic field flux that inhibit convection and result in reduced surface temperature compared to the surrounding photosphere.