A. leeches platyhelminthes flatworms such as planaria, liver flukes
b. octopus and slugs annelida* earthworms and marine bait worms
c. spiders, ticks, and crabs mollusca* snails, clams, squid
d. corals and sea fans nematoda roundworms such as pinworms or heartworms
e. brittle stars and sea cucumbers arthropoda* insects, lobsters, shrimp f. humans, sharks, and lizards echinodermata* sea stars, sea urchins g. tapeworms chordata* dogs, frogs, fishes, and birds h. hookworms and the worm causing elephantiasis

1) gene flow

- it is described as the transfer of genes from one population to another population so that frequency of gene is increased.

-a zebra migrates to join a different herd of zebras.

2) natural selection

- a mechanism of evolutionary change in which individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce whereas the others ( those that can not adapt) eliminate from the population.

-competition for sunlight leads to taller trees.

3) mutation

- permanent change in the nucleotide sequence of dna ( genetic material) that could have harmful or useful consequences.

-the dna of a snake changes to make its venom stronger.

4) genetic drift - it is a random phenomenon ( that occurs by chance such as fire) that results in change in the gene frequency in a small population.    

-a grassfire randomly sweeps through a population of buffalo and kills most of the animals.

explanation:

the principles and empirical processes of discovery and demonstration considered characteristic of or necessary for scientific investigation, generally involving the observation of phenomena, the formulation of a hypothesis concerning the phenomena, experimentation to test the hypothesis, and development of a conclusion that confirms, rejects, or modifies the hypothesis.

your answer would be a, maximum exploitation of resources.