Which of the following are forms of asexual reproduction? check all that apply.
a. budding
b. binary fission
c. fertilization
d. fragmentation
e. sporulation
f. vegetative propagation

A, B, D, E, F are all asexual reproduction.

A. budding

B. binary fission

D. fragmentation

E. sporulation

F. vegetative propagation

Asexual mode of reproduction is a way to reproduce offsprings adapted by the majority of simple organisms. In asexual mode of reproduction the formation of gamete is not required. In this only a single parent is involved,  which either breaks down or produce precursor of the offspring. Examples, of asexual reproduction includes budding, binary fission, fragmentation and sporulation.

In budding a small bud develops over a parent cell or organism which detach on maturity and germinate to form a new organism.

In binary fission a parent cell splits into two daughter cells with the equal distribution of genome in each cell.

In fragmentation a parent cell splits into more than one part and new organisms regenerate from the fragmented parts.

In sporulation numerous spores are released from a sporophyte. These spores germinate to form a new organism under favorable conditions.

In vegetative propagation, the buds, bulbs, tubers, stems and leaves and other plant parts are grown in a medium which can support the growth and development of a new plant.

you did not attach the discourse, but i assume it to be the discourse on the origin and basis of inequality among men (the original titile in french is: "discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes"), also know as "second discourse". in this discourse, jean-jacques rousseau emphasizes that private property is the basis of all inequalities.

therefore, what enabled the old regime to maintain as long as it did was private property.