An organism that reproduces using binary fission, a type of asexual reproduction, creates an identical copy of a cell when

a.
the cell's dna replicates and the cell divides, giving each cell an identical copy of dna.
b.
part of the cell breaks off and a completely new strand of dna is created.
c.
the dna strand breaks and the cell divides, giving each new cell half of the dna.
d.
the cell's cytoplasm spontaneously creates a new strand of dna and the cell divides.

A.

the cell's DNA replicates and the cell divides, giving each cell an identical copy of DNA.

Explanation:

An organism that reproduces using binary fission, a type of asexual reproduction, creates an identical copy of a cell when the cell's DNA replicates and the cell divides, giving each cell an identical copy of DNA. In order for the two cells to be identical, they would need the same DNA, which would result when the DNA strand is replicated.

you did not attach the discourse, but i assume it to be the discourse on the origin and basis of inequality among men (the original titile in french is: "discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes"), also know as "second discourse". in this discourse, jean-jacques rousseau emphasizes that private property is the basis of all inequalities.

therefore, what enabled the old regime to maintain as long as it did was private property.