Takes into account both the biotic (living) communities and the abiotic (nonliving) environments on which the communities depend.

Prompt compare the three types of volcanic mountains in terms of shape, type of eruption, and the minerals that make up the volcano

I’m doing some practice exam questions for biology, and i’m not sure how to do these 3 parts to the question.

The concept of keystone species is controversial among ecologists because most organisms are highly interdependent. if each of the trophic levels is dependant on all others how can we say one is most important