Which conflict is character vs. self?

a boy vs. the king of a faraway country
a woman vs. the ghosts of famous philosophers
a girl vs. turbulent sea voyages
a man vs. his own feelings about the corruption of the human race

Which of the following observation darwin shape his concept of descent with modification? a) species diversity declines farther from the equator. b) fewer species live on islands than on the nearest continents. c) birds live on islands located farther from the mainland than the bird's maximum nonstop flight distance. d) south american temperate plants are more similar to the tropical plants of south america than to the temperate plants of europe. e) earthquakes reshape life by causing mass extinctions.