If earth is about 4.5 million years old which statement is true

How can antibodies "remember" a particular bacterial invader or "antigen" on that invader?

Someone me with this: a mineral' is determined by its actomic structure.

2. how does the miller-urey experiment fall short of demonstrating that life can arise from inorganic molecules? explain. a. it doesn't show a leap between a collection of amino acids and a single-celled organism. b. it recreates the conditions that existed at the earth's beginning, but no molecules form as a result. c. it doesn't provide evidence of the formation of amino acids. d. it doesn't show how multicellular organisms developed from unicellular organisms