In plants and animals, gene flow can occur between closely related species. this is
a) hybridization
b) genetic drift
c) non-random mating
d) graualism

The correct answer is- Hybridization.

Hybridization can be described as a process of combining traits of two organism belonging to different species, or breeds, resulting in the formation of a hybrid (containing traits of both) organism. It is extensively done in plants to incorporate desired gene in the genome of the organism.

This can occur between closely related species, allowing variants of gene (that is allele) of one organism to integrate into another organism.

This results in the gene flow that is transfer of genetic variation of one organism into another.

Thus, option A) is the right answer.

answer: the correct option is d. enzyme

lactase and carbonic anhydrase are the examples of enzymes.

lactase is an enzyme, which is present in the small intestine of mammals. it in the digestion of the disaccharide, lactose ( milk sugar) by converting it into two monosachharide, which are glucose and galactose.

carbonic anhydrase is present in the red blood cells. this enzyme plays significant role in the transport of co₂. it in the conversion of co₂ and h₂o into carbonic acid, which is then dissociated into bicarbonate ions and hydrogen ions.